Ultrasound versus palpation-guided corticosteroid injection for de Quervain disease: A randomized controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: Corticosteroid injection effectively treats de Quervain disease, and due to the high prevalence of the intracompartmental septum in the first extensor compartment, ultrasound guidance improves injection accuracy. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness, adverse events, and the recurrence rate between ultrasound-guided and palpation-guided injection in patients with de Quervain disease. DESIGN: Prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Rehabilitation department of a private teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: We enrolled 49 patients, ≥20 years of age, clinically diagnosed with de Quervain disease based on their medical history and physical examination. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomized into two groups: ultrasound-guided and palpation-guided injection. Both groups received a mixture of 10 mg triamcinolone acetonide (10 mg/1 mL) and 0.3 mL 1% lidocaine. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measure was the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) score at 1 week. The secondary outcome measures were visual analog scale for pain (pain VAS) score, patient satisfaction, and adverse events or complications from the interventions at 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months. RESULTS: Both groups showed improvement over time in QuickDASH scores and pain VAS (p < .001); however, no statistically significant differences were noted between the groups for either QuickDASH scores (p = .22) or pain VAS (p = .30). In addition, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups in terms of patient satisfaction (p = .76) and adverse events (p = .47, .33, .58) at the 1-week, 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS: Both ultrasound-guided and palpation-guided injections effectively treated de Quervain disease. During a 6-month follow-up, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in pain relief, upper limb function, or patient satisfaction. However, the palpation-guided group showed a tendency for more recurrence and skin side effects.

Application of Self-Attention Generative Adversarial Network for Electromagnetic Imaging in Half-Space.

In this paper, we introduce a novel artificial intelligence technique with an attention mechanism for half-space electromagnetic imaging. A dielectric object in half-space is illuminated by TM (transverse magnetic) waves. Since measurements can only be made in the upper space, the measurement angle will be limited. As a result, we apply a back-propagation scheme (BPS) to generate an initial guessed image from the measured scattered fields for scatterer buried in the lower half-space. This process can effectively reduce the high nonlinearity of the inverse scattering problem. We further input the guessed images into the generative adversarial network (GAN) and the self-attention generative adversarial network (SAGAN), respectively, to compare the reconstruction performance. Numerical results prove that both SAGAN and GAN can reconstruct dielectric objects and the MNIST dataset under same measurement conditions. Our analysis also reveals that SAGAN is able to reconstruct electromagnetic images more accurately and efficiently than GAN.

Targeting ATP-binding site of WRN Helicase: Identification of novel inhibitors through pocket analysis and Molecular Dynamics-Enhanced virtual screening.

WRN helicase is a critical protein involved in maintaining genomic stability, utilizing ATP hydrolysis to dissolve DNA secondary structures. It has been identified as a promising synthetic lethal target for microsatellite instable (MSI) cancers. However, few WRN helicase inhibitors have been discovered, and their potential binding sites remain unexplored. In this study, we analyzed potential binding sites for WRN inhibitors and focused on the ATP-binding site for screening new inhibitors. Through molecular dynamics-enhanced virtual screening, we identified two compounds, h6 and h15, which effectively inhibited WRN's helicase and ATPase activity in vitro. Importantly, these compounds selectively targeted WRN's ATPase activity, setting them apart from other non-homologous proteins with ATPase activity. In comparison to the homologous protein BLM, h6 exhibits some degree of selectivity towards WRN. We also investigated the binding mode of these compounds to WRN's ATP-binding sites. These findings offer a promising strategy for discovering new WRN inhibitors and present two novel scaffolds, which might be potential for the development of MSI cancer treatment.

An acute herb-drug interaction of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex with methotrexate via inhibiting multidrug resistance-associated protein 2.

Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (MOC), an herbal drug, contains polyphenolic lignans mainly magnolol (MN) and honokiol (HK). Methotrexate (MTX), a critical drug for cancers and autoimmune deseases, is a substrate of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). This study investigated the effect of coadministration of MOC on the pharmacokinetics of MTX and relevant mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered MTX alone and with single dose (2.0 and 4.0 g/kg) and repeated seven doses of MOC (2.0 g/kg thrice daily for 2 days, the 7th dose given at 0.5 h before MTX). The serum concentrations of MTX were determined by a fluorescence polarization immunoassay. The results showed that a single dose of MOC at 2.0 g/kg significantly increased the AUC0-t and MRT of MTX by 352% and 308%, and a single dose at 4.0 g/kg significantly enhanced the AUC0-t and MRT by 362% and 291%, respectively. Likewise, repeated seven doses of MOC at 2.0 g/kg significantly increased the AUC0-t and MRT of MTX by 461% and 334%, respectively. Mechanism studies indicated that the function of MRP2 was significantly inhibited by MN, HK and the serum metabolites of MOC (MOCM), whereas BCRP was not inhibited by MOCM. In conclusion, coadministration of MOC markedly enhanced the systemic exposure and mean residence time of MTX through inhibiting the MRP2-mediated excretion of MTX.

Room temperature operation of germanium-silicon single-photon avalanche diode.

The ability to detect single photons has led to the advancement of numerous research fields1-11. Although various types of single-photon detector have been developed12, because of two main factors-that is, (1) the need for operating at cryogenic temperature13,14 and (2) the incompatibility with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication processes15,16-so far, to our knowledge, only Si-based single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD)17,18 has gained mainstream success and has been used in consumer electronics. With the growing demand to shift the operation wavelength from near-infrared to short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) for better safety and performance19-21, an alternative solution is required because Si has negligible optical absorption for wavelengths beyond 1 µm. Here we report a CMOS-compatible, high-performing germanium-silicon SPAD operated at room temperature, featuring a noise-equivalent power improvement over the previous Ge-based SPADs22-28 by 2-3.5 orders of magnitude. Key parameters such as dark count rate, single-photon detection probability at 1,310 nm, timing jitter, after-pulsing characteristic time and after-pulsing probability are, respectively, measured as 19 kHz µm-2, 12%, 188 ps, ~90 ns and <1%, with a low breakdown voltage of 10.26 V and a small excess bias of 0.75 V. Three-dimensional point-cloud images are captured with direct time-of-flight technique as proof of concept. This work paves the way towards using single-photon-sensitive SWIR sensors, imagers and photonic integrated circuits in everyday life.

Chemical Constituents of a Marine-derived Fungus Fusarium oxysporum F0888 and their Antibacterial Activity.

Five new compounds, including four hydroxyphenylacetic acid derivatives, stachylines H-K (1-4), a derivative of hydroxyphenylethanol (5), as well as seven known compounds were obtained from a marine-derived fungus Fusarium oxysporum F0888 isolated from sediments in the South China Sea. The structures and absolute configurations of new compounds were determined by spectroscopic (IR, NMR, and HR-ESI-MS) analyses, comparison of optical rotations, and the modified Mosher's MTPA ester method. Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of compounds 1-12 were tested. Unfortunately, all of isolated compounds were inactivity.

Examining the influence of organizational commitment on service quality through the lens of job involvement as a mediator and emotional labor and organizational climate as moderators.

This study investigates the impact of organizational commitment and job engagement on service quality, while integrating the influences of organizational climate and emotional labor. Utilizing data from 427 participants, acquired via structured questionnaires, the research employed the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for analysis. The findings reveal that heightened job engagement and organizational commitment significantly enhance service quality, primarily through reinforcing employees' trust in their organization. A favorable organizational climate is instrumental in strengthening employees' affiliation with their organization, consequently leading to superior service provision. Furthermore, the capability to effectively regulate emotions emerges as a critical factor in both job engagement and the quality of service. The study advocates for augmenting job engagement and organizational commitment, cultivating a supportive workplace atmosphere, and equipping employees with resources for efficient emotional management. These strategies are proposed to substantially improve service quality. The insights derived from this research provide essential directives for managers striving to achieve service excellence.

Clinically significant findings in a decade-long retrospective study of prenatal chromosomal microarray testing.

BACKGROUND: Chromosomal microarray (CMA) is commonly utilized in the obstetrics setting. CMA is recommended when one or more fetal structural abnormalities is identified. CMA is also commonly used to determine genetic etiologies for miscarriages, fetal demise, and confirming positive prenatal cell-free DNA screening results. METHODS: In this study, we retrospectively examined 523 prenatal and 319 products-of-conception (POC) CMA cases tested at Nationwide Children's Hospital from 2011 to 2020. We reviewed the referral indications, the diagnostic yield, and the reported copy number variants (CNV) findings. RESULTS: In our cohort, the diagnostic yield of clinically significant CNV findings for prenatal testing was 7.8% (n = 41/523) compared to POC testing (16.3%, n = 52/319). Abnormal ultrasound findings were the most common indication present in 81% of prenatal samples. Intrauterine fetal demise was the common indication identified in POC samples. The most common pathogenic finding observed in all samples was isolated trisomy 21, detected in seven samples. CONCLUSION: Our CMA study supports the clinical utility of prenatal CMA for clinical management and identifying genetic etiology in POC arrays. In addition, it provides insight to the spectrum of prenatal and POC CMA results as detected in an academic hospital clinical laboratory setting that serves as a reference laboratory.

Clinical Cytogenetics: Current Practices and Beyond.

BACKGROUND: Throughout history, the field of cytogenetics has witnessed significant changes due to the constant evolution of technologies used to assess chromosome number and structure. Similar to the evolution of single nucleotide variant detection from Sanger sequencing to next-generation sequencing, the identification of chromosome alterations has progressed from banding to fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to chromosomal microarrays. More recently, emerging technologies such as optical genome mapping and genome sequencing have made noteworthy contributions to clinical laboratory testing in the field of cytogenetics. CONTENT: In this review, we journey through some of the most pivotal discoveries that have shaped the development of clinical cytogenetics testing. We also explore the current test offerings, their uses and limitations, and future directions in technology advancements. SUMMARY: Cytogenetics methods, including banding and targeted assessments like FISH, continue to hold crucial roles in cytogenetic testing. These methods offer a rapid turnaround time, especially for conditions with a known etiology involving recognized cytogenetic aberrations. Additionally, laboratories have the flexibility to now employ higher-throughput methodologies to enhance resolution for cases with greater complexity.

PTBP1 promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by enhancing the oncogenic splicing switch of FGFR2.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer accounting for 90% of cases. It is a highly invasive and deadly cancer with a gradual onset. Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) is an important RNA-binding protein involved in RNA metabolism and has been linked to oncogenic splicing events. While the oncogenic role of PTBP1 in HCC cells has been established, the exact mechanism of action remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the functional connection between PTBP1 and dysregulated splicing events in HCC. Through immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry analyses, we discovered that the proteins bound to PTBP1 were significantly enriched in the complex responsible for the alternative splicing of FGFR2 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 2). Further RNA immunoprecipitation and quantitative PCR assays confirmed that PTBP1 down-regulated the FGFR2-IIIb isoform levels and up-regulated the FGFR2-IIIc isoform levels in HCC cells, leading to a switch from FGFR2-IIIb to FGFR2-IIIc isoforms. Subsequent functional evaluations using CCK-8, transwell, and plate clone formation assays in HCC cell lines HepG2 and Huh7 demonstrated that FGFR2-IIIb exhibited tumor-suppressive effects, while FGFR2-IIIc displayed tumor-promoting effects. In conclusion, this study provides insights into the PTBP1-mediated alternative splicing mechanism in HCC progression, offering a new theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of this malignancy. Mechanistically, the isoform switch from FGFR2-IIIb to FGFR2-IIIc promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of HCC cells and activated the FGFR cascades ERK and AKT pathways.

Correction: Dashboard With Bump Charts to Visualize the Changes in the Rankings of Leading Causes of Death According to Two Lists: National Population-Based Time-Series Cross-Sectional Study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/42149.].

The neural oscillations in delta- and theta-bands contribute to divided attention in audiovisual integration.

One of key mechanisms implicated in multisensory processing is neural oscillations in distinct frequency band. Many studies explored the modulation of attention by recording the electroencephalography signals when subjects attended one modality, and ignored the other modality input. However, when attention is directed toward one modality, it may be not always possible to shut out completely inputs from a different modality. Since many situations require division of attention between audition and vision, it is imperative to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying processing of concurrent auditory and visual sensory streams. In the present study, we designed a task of audiovisual semantic discrimination, in which the subjects were asked to share attention to both auditory and visual stimuli. We explored the contribution of neural oscillations in lower-frequency to the modulation of divided attention on audiovisual integration. Our results implied that theta-band activity contributes to the early modulation of divided attention, and delta-band activity contributes to the late modulation of divided attention to audiovisual integration. Moreover, the fronto-central delta- and theta-bands activity is likely a marker of divided attention in audiovisual integration, and the neural oscillation on delta- and theta-bands is conducive to allocating attention resources to dual-tasking involving task-coordinating abilities.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates bioproduction from bench to industry: Thirty years of development towards sustainability.

The pursuit of carbon neutrality goals has sparked considerable interest in expanding bioplastics production from microbial cell factories. One prominent class of bioplastics, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), is generated by specific microorganisms, serving as carbon and energy storage materials. To begin with, a native PHA producer, Cupriavidus necator (formerly Ralstonia eutropha) is extensively studied, covering essential topics such as carbon source selection, cultivation techniques, and accumulation enhancement strategies. Recently, various hosts including archaea, bacteria, cyanobacteria, yeast, and plants have been explored, stretching the limit of microbial PHA production. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current advancements in PHA bioproduction, spanning from the native to diversified cell factories. Recovery and purification techniques are discussed, and the current status of industrial applications is assessed as a critical milestone for startups. Ultimately, it concludes by addressing contemporary challenges and future prospects, offering insights into the path towards reduced carbon emissions and sustainable development goals.

Effect of Compatibility of Wujiwan on Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Representative Components / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the plasma pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of five representative components in Wujiwan， and to illustrate the difference of metabolism and tissue distribution before and after compatibility. MethodHealthy male SD rats were divided into four groups， including Wujiwan group（A group， 62.96 g·L-1）， Coptidis Rhizoma group（B group， 38.4 g·L-1）， processed Euodiae Fructus group（C group， 5.88 g·L-1） and fried Paeoniae Radix Alba group（D group， 18.68 g·L-1）， with 65 rats in each group， and were administered the drugs according to the clinical dose of decoction pieces converted into the dose of the extracts. Then plasma， liver， small intestine and brain were taken at pharmacokinetic set time in each group after administration. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the quantitative analysis of five representative components［berberine（Ber）， palmatine（Pal）， evodiamine（Evo）， rutecarpine（Rut） and paeoniflorin（Pae）］ in Wujiwan， their concentrations in plasma， liver， small intestine and brain were detected at different time， plasma samples were processed by protein precipitation， and tissue samples were pretreated by protein precipitation plus liquid-liquid extraction. Non-atrioventricular model was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters of each component， and the parameters of each group were compared. ResultPharmacokinetic results of A group showed that area under the curve（AUC0-t） of the five representative components were ranked as follows：Ber and Pal were small intestine>liver>blood， Evo and Rut were liver>small intestine>plasma， Pae was small intestine>plasma， which was not detected in the liver， no other components were detected in brain except for Ber. In comparison with plasma and other tissues， peak concentration（Cmax） of Ber， Pal， Evo， and Rut were the highest and time to peak（tmax） were the lowest in the liver of A group. In plasma， the AUC0-t and Cmax of Evo and Rut were increased in A group compared with C group， tmax of Pea was elevated and its Cmax was decreased in A group compared with D group. In the liver， compared with B-D groups， Cmax values of 5 representative components except Pae were elevated， AUC0-t of Pae was decreased and AUC0-t of Evo and Rut were increased in the A group. In the small intestine， half-life（t1/2） of each representative components in A group was elevated and tmax was decreased， and Cmax of each representative ingredient except Pal was decreased， AUC0-t values of Ber and Pal were increased， whereas the AUC0-t values of Evo and Rut were decreased. ConclusionThe small intestine， as the effector organ， is the most distributed， followed by the liver. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the representative components in Wujiwan are changed before and after compatibility， which is more favorable to the exertion of its pharmacodynamic effects.

Effects of Jiaohong Pills and Its Prescription on Scopolamine-induced Alzheimer's Disease Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Jiaohong pills （JHP） and its prescription， Pericarpium Zanthoxyli （PZ） and Rehmanniae Radix （RR） cognitive dysfunction in scopolamine-induced Alzheimer's disease （AD） mice and its mechanism through pharmacodynamic and metabolomics study. MethodThe animal model of AD induced by scopolamine was established and treated with PZ， RG and JHP， respectively. The effects of JHP and its formulations were investigated by open field test， water maze test， object recognition test， avoidance test， cholinergic system and oxidative stress related biochemical test. Untargeted metabolomics analysis of cerebral cortex was performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-Quadrupole/Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry （UPLC Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS）. ResultThe behavioral data showed that， compared with the model group， the discrimination indexes of the high dose of JHP， PZ and RR groups was significantly increased （P<0.05）. The staging rate of Morris water maze test in the PZ， RR， high and low dose groups of JHP was significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， the crossing numbers in the PZ， JHP high and low dose groups were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）； the number of errors in the avoidance test were significantly reduced in the PZ and high-dose JHP groups （P<0.01）， and the error latencies were significantly increased in the JHP and its prescription drug groups （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the activities of acetylcholinesterase in the cerebral cortex of the two doses of JHP group and the PZ group were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the activity of acetylcholinesterase in the high-dose JHP group was significantly decreased （P<0.05）， and the level of acetylcholine was significantly increased （P<0.01）. At the same time， the contents of malondialdehyde in the serum of the two dose groups of JHP decreased significantly （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The results of metabolomics study of cerebral cortex showed that 149 differential metabolites were identified between the JHP group and the model group， which were involved in neurotransmitter metabolism， energy metabolism， oxidative stress and amino acid metabolism. ConclusionJHP and its prescription can antagonize scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction， regulate cholinergic system， and reduce oxidative stress damage. The mechanism of its therapeutic effect on AD is related to the regulation of neurotransmitter， energy， amino acid metabolism， and improvement of oxidative stress.

Remyelination Regulated by microRNAs in Neurodegenerative Diseases： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Demyelination of the central nervous system often occurs in neurodegenerative diseases， such as multiple sclerosis （MS）. The myelin sheath， a layer of myelin membrane wrapping the axon， plays a role in the rapid conduction and metabolic coupling of impulses for neurons. The exposure of the axon will lead to axonal degeneratio， and further neuronal degeneration， which is the main cause of dysfunction and even disability in patients with demyelinating neurodegenerative diseases. In addition to the demyelination of mature myelin sheath， remyelination disorder is also one of the major reasons leading to the development of the diseases. The myelin sheath is composed of oligodendrocytes （OLs） derived from oligodendrocyte progenitor cells （OPCs） which are differentiated from neural stem cells （NSCs）. The process of myelin regeneration， i.e.， remyelination， is the differentiation of NSCs into OLs. Recent studies have shown that this process is regulated by a variety of genes. MicroRNAs， as important regulators of neurodegenerative diseases， form a complex regulatory network in the process of myelin regeneration. This review summarizes the main molecular pathways of myelin regeneration and microRNAs involved in this process and classifies the mechanisms and targets. This review is expected to provide a theoretical reference for the future research on the treatment of demyelinating diseases by targeting the regulation of microRNAs.

Identification of QTL associated with resistance to Phytophthora fruit rot in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).

Phytophthora fruit rot (PFR) caused by the soilborne oomycete pathogen, Phytophthora capsici, can cause severe yield loss in cucumber. With no resistant variety available, genetic resources are needed to develop resistant varieties. The goal of this work was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with resistance to PFR using multiple genomic approaches and populations. Two types of resistances have been identified: age-related resistance (ARR) and young fruit resistance. ARR occurs at 12-16 days post pollination (dpp), coinciding with the end of exponential fruit growth. A major QTL for ARR was discovered on chromosome 3 and a candidate gene identified based on comparative transcriptomic analysis. Young fruit resistance, which is observed during the state of rapid fruit growth prior to commercial harvest, is a quantitative trait for which multiple QTL were identified. The largest effect QTL, qPFR5.1, located on chromosome 5 was fine mapped to a 1-Mb region. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and extreme-phenotype genome-wide association study (XP-GWAS) for young fruit resistance were also performed on a cucumber core collection representing > 96% of the genetic diversity of the USDA cucumber germplasm. Several SNPs overlapped with the QTL identified from QTL-seq analysis on biparental populations. In addition, novel SNPs associated with the resistance were identified from the germplasm. The resistant alleles were found mostly in accessions from India and South Asia, the center of diversity for cucumber. The results from this work can be applied to future disease resistance studies and marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.

Efficacy of Combination Therapy (Hydrodilatation and Subdeltoid Bursa Injection With Corticosteroid, Mobilization, and Physical Therapy) vs Physical Therapy Alone for Treating Frozen Shoulder: A Randomized Single-Blind Controlled Trial, Phase I.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of combination therapy (hydrodilatation and subdeltoid bursa injection with corticosteroid, mobilization, and physical therapy [PT]) with that of PT alone for treating frozen shoulder. DESIGN: A prospective, 2-arm parallel, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Rehabilitation clinic of a private academic hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Patients (n=70) with frozen shoulder (freezing stage). INTERVENTIONS: Participants (n=35) in the combination group underwent hydrodilatation and subdeltoid bursa injection with corticosteroid twice, mobilization, and usual-care PT for 8 weeks; participants (n=35) in the PT group received only the usual-care PT for 8 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) was the primary outcome measure. The secondary outcome measures were pain scores on a visual analog scale, range of motion (ROM), the Shoulder Disability Questionnaire (SDQ), quality of life (evaluated using the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey [SF-36]), and self-assessment of the treatment effect. RESULTS: Compared with the PT group, the combination group had significantly better pain (during activity), SPADI, SDQ, active and passive ROM, and self-assessment scores (all P<.001) as well as scores on some parts of the SF-36 (physical function and bodily pain, P<.05). Between-group differences were significant at the 1-, 2-, 4-, and 6-month follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS: A combination of hydrodilatation (with corticosteroid), bursal corticosteroid injection, and joint mobilization with PT was superior to PT alone for treating frozen shoulder, and the effects persisted for at least 6 months.

Predictive values of bilirubin for in-hospital adverse events in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

PURPOSE: To investigate the association between serum bilirubin levels and in-hospital Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE) in patients with ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). METHODS: A total of 418 patients with STEMI who underwent primary PCI were enrolled from October 1st, 2021 to October 31st 2022. The average age of enrolled participants was 59.23 years, and 328 patients (78.50%) were male patients. Patients were divided into MACE (patients with angina pectoris after infarction, recurrent myocardial infarction, acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, malignant arrhythmias, or death after primary PCI) (n = 98) and non-MACE (n = 320) groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the association between different bilirubin levels including Total Bilirubin (TB), Direct Bilirubin (DB), Indirect Bilirubin (IDB), and risk of in-hospital MACE. The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the accuracy of bilirubin levels in predicting in-hospital MACE. RESULTS: The incidence of MACE in STEMI patients increased from the lowest to the highest bilirubin tertiles. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that increased total bilirubin level was an independent predictor of in-hospital MACE in patients with STEMI (p for trend = 0.02). Compared to the first TB group, the ORs for risk of MACE were 1.58 (95% CI 0.77‒3.26) and 2.28 (95% CI 1.13‒4.59) in the second and third TB groups, respectively. The ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve for TB, DB and IDB in predicting in-hospital MACE were 0.642 (95% CI 0.578‒0.705, p < 0.001), 0.676 (95% CI 0.614‒0.738, p < 0.001), and 0.619 (95% CI 0.554‒0.683, p < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The current study showed that elevated TB, DB, and IDB levels are independent predictors of in-hospital MACE in patients with STEMI after primary PCI, and that DB has a better predictive value than TB and IDB.

Supramolecular-Interactions-Modulated Photoluminescence in Indium Bromide-Based Isomers.

Here, two isomeric ionic zero-dimensional indium bromide crystals of α (1)/ß (2)-[OPy][InBr4(Phen)] (OPy = N-octylpyridinium; Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) have been isolated simply by changing the cooling conditions in solvothermal syntheses. Structural comparisons indicate their different supramolecular interactions, which can be confirmed by Hirshfeld surface analyses. The crystal 2 has additional hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions; as a result, the more compact stacking of 2 could result in a 10-fold higher photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (PLQY) than that of 1. Density functional theory calculations confirm the electron transition from the inorganic moiety to the organic ligand, which provides a further understanding of the optical process. This work provides a new idea for designing PL indium-based halides by understanding the structure-PL relationship.